Ferroalloy hu ua steelmaking cov ntaub ntawv rau nws yog siv raws li additive nyob rau hauv lub casting los yog steelmaking txheej txheem, qhov tseeb, nws yog ib tug dav lub sij hawm rau alloys li ntawm hlau thiab cov khoom xws li silicon, manganese, chromium, thiab titanium.
Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm niaj hnub science thiab technology, hom ferroalloys yog tas li nthuav. Muaj ntau ntau yam ntawm ferroalloys thiab muaj ntau txoj kev faib tawm. Lawv feem ntau raug cais raws li cov hauv qab no.
| Ib leeg hlau alloy | Alloys uas tsuas muaj ib qho kev alloying yog hu ua monoferroalloys. Nws cov khoom tseem ceeb muaj xws li ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrochrome, ferromolybdenum, ferrotitanium, ferrotungsten, muaj silicon, ferroboron, ferrovanadium, metallic manganese, thiab lwm yam. |
| Composite hlau alloy | Cov uas muaj ob los yog ntau tshaj alloying ntsiab yog hu ua multi-component ferroalloys. Lub ntsiab ntau yam yog silicon-calcium alloy, manganese-silicon alloy, silicon-chromium alloy, silicon-calcium aluminium alloy, manganese-silicon-aluminium alloy, silicon-calcium-barium alloy, silicon-aluminium-barium alloy, thiab lwm yam. |
| Kev faib tawm raws li cov ntsiab lus carbon hauv ferroalloys | Muaj cov pa roj carbon siab, nruab nrab carbon, qis carbon, micro carbon, ultra-micro carbon thiab lwm yam. |
| Kev faib tawm raws li kev tsim khoom | Muaj blast furnace ferroalloys, hluav taws xob rauv ferroalloys, tawm ntawm lub cub tawg ferroalloys (cov txheej txheem hlau thermal) ferroalloys, nqus cov khoom-state txo ferroalloys, converter ferroalloys, electrolytic ferroalloys, thiab lwm yam. |
| Cov khoom siv nitrided | Nitrided khoom yog tsim los ntawm nitriding thiab lwm txoj kev siv ferromanganese los yog ferrochromium hmoov nyob rau hauv kub kub. Nws cov ntau yam muaj xws li ferromanganese nitride, ferrochrome nitride, thiab lwm yam. |
| Oxide clumps | Oxide clumps uas yooj yim txo los ntawm cov hlau kuj tuaj yeem raug ntxiv ncaj qha rau cov hlau molten li cov neeg ua haujlwm alloying. Piv txwv li, molybdenum oxide clumps, thiab lwm yam. |
| Siv ua deoxidizer | Cov txheej txheem steelmaking yog txheej txheem uas cov hlau molten yog decarburized thiab tshem tawm cov teeb meem impurities xws li phosphorus thiab sulfur los ntawm tshuab oxygen lossis ntxiv oxidants. Raws li cov txheej txheem no pib, txawm tias npua hlau tau ua rau hlau, [O] cov ntsiab lus hauv cov hlau molten nce. [O] feem ntau muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm [FeO] nyob rau hauv molten hlau. Yog tias cov pa ntau dhau ntawm cov hlau tsis raug tshem tawm, nws yuav tsis raug muab pov rau hauv cov hlau uas tsim nyog, thiab cov hlau uas muaj cov khoom siv zoo yuav tsis tau. Txog rau qhov kawg no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ntxiv qee cov ntsiab lus uas muaj zog khi nrog oxygen dua li hlau, thiab nws cov oxides yooj yim tshem tawm ntawm cov hlau molten thiab nkag mus rau hauv slag, yog li tshem tawm [O] los ntawm cov hlau molten. Cov txheej txheem no hu ua deoxidation. Cov hlau siv rau deoxidation yog hu ua deoxidizer. Lub zog khi ntawm ntau yam hauv cov hlau molten rau oxygen, uas yog, lub peev xwm deoxidation, yog nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim los ntawm qaug zog mus rau lub zog raws li nram no: chromium, manganese, carbon, silicon, vanadium, titanium, boron, txhuas, zirconium, thiab calcium. Yog li ntawd, hlau alloys muaj li ntawm silicon, manganese, txhuas, thiab calcium feem ntau yog siv rau deoxidation nyob rau hauv steelmaking. |
| Siv raws li tus neeg sawv cev alloy | Alloy steel muaj cov khoom sib txawv vim qhov sib txawv alloying ntsiab nws muaj. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm alloying ntsiab nyob rau hauv steel yog kho los ntawm kev ntxiv hlau alloys. Cov hlau alloy siv los kho cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntsiab lus alloying hauv cov hlau hu ua alloying agent. Feem ntau siv cov khoom siv hlau muaj xws li hlau alloys uas muaj silicon, manganese, chromium, molybdenum, vanadium, tungsten, titanium, pob zeb diamond, npib tsib xee, boron, niobium, zirconium thiab lwm yam khoom. |
| Siv raws li casting crystal nucleus inoculant | Ib qho ntawm cov kev ntsuas los txhim kho cov khoom ntawm cov hlau cam khwb cia thiab cov hlau yog hloov pauv cov kev mob hnyav ntawm cov casting. Txhawm rau hloov cov txheej txheem solidification, qee cov hlau alloys feem ntau ntxiv raws li siv lead ua nuclei ua ntej casting los ua qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov nplej, kom cov graphite tsim tau zoo thiab tawg thiab cov nplej tau ua kom zoo dua qub, yog li txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov castings. |
| Lwm yam kev siv | Hauv kev lag luam metallurgical thiab tshuaj lom neeg, ferroalloys tau siv los ua cov xov xwm hauv kev ua cov ntxhia thiab ua cov khoom siv raw rau kev npaj cov khoom thiab cov khoom siv ultrapure (cov ntsiab lus lossis cov khoom sib txuas). |
